- 第一步：前端发起请求
- 第二步：后端接收到验证码申请请求
- 第三步：生成验证码
- 第四步：验证码正确结果存储
- 第五步：邮箱/短信：发送验证码；图片：发送加过干扰的图片
- 第六步：用户输入验证码
- 第七步：验证码比对
- 第八步：返回是否验证通过
- 绘制图片
- 生成随机字符串
- 字符串绘制到图片上
- 生成干扰
- 输出图片验证码
"""
common/utils.py
"""
import random
import string
from io import BytesIO
# 这个 PIL 就是安装的 pillow
from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
"""
图片验证码
"""
class ImageCode():
# 获取验证码
def get_verify_code(self):
imgage,code = self.draw_verify_code()
buffer = BytesIO()
# 将图片保存成二进制流
imgage.save(buffer, "jpeg")
# 获取二进制流
image_b_str = buffer.getvalue()
return code, image_b_str
# 绘制验证码
def draw_verify_code(self):
# 生成随机字符串
code = self.get_text()
# 设置图片的宽和高，在实际项目中最好跟前端约定好显示图片的大小
width,height = 120,50
# 绘制图片
img = Image.new("RGB", (width,height),"white")
font = ImageFont.truetype(font="C:\\Windows\\Fonts\\Arial.ttf", size=40)
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
# 绘制字符串
for i in range(4):
draw.text(xy=(random.randint(3,10) + 25 * i, random.randint(3,10)),text=code[i],fill=self.random_color(), font=font)
# 绘制干扰线
self.draw_lines(draw,3,width,height)
img.show()
return img,code
# 生成随机字符串
def get_text(self):
# 从给定字符串中选 4 位
# list = random.sample("1234567890abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz", 4)
# 字母大小写 + 数字
list = random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 4)
return "".join(list)
# 生成随机颜色值
def random_color(self):
red = random.randint(0,255)
green = random.randint(0,255)
blue = random.randint(0,255)
return red,green,blue
# 绘制干扰线
def draw_lines(self, draw, count, width, height):
for c in range(count):
x1 = random.randint(0,width)
y1 = random.randint(0,height)
x2 = random.randint(0, width)
y2 = random.randint(0, height)
draw.line([(x1,y1),(x2,y2)], fill="black", width=2)
"""
controller/userController.py
获取图片验证码
"""
@user.route("/getImgCode", methods=["get"])
def get_code():
code, image_b_str = ImageCode().get_verify_code()
img_code = make_response(image_b_str)
img_code.headers["Content-Type"] = "image/jpeg"
# 存储在内存之中，暂时存在 session
session["vcode"] = code.lower()
logging.info("vcode: " + code.lower())
return img_code
"""
config/config.py
"""
email_name = '[email protected]' # 服务邮箱
passwd = '你自己邮箱的授权码' # 授权码
import random
import smtplib
import string
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from config.config import config
from config.settings import env
"""
随机生成邮箱验证码
"""
def gen_email_code():
list = random.sample(string.ascii_letters+string.digits,6)
return "".join(list)
"""
发送到邮箱
"""
def send_email(email,code):
print(code)
emall_name = config[env].email_name # 服务邮箱
passwd = config[env].passwd # 服务邮箱授权码
msg_to = email # 发送的目标邮箱
content = "您的验证码:<h1 style='color:red'>{}</h1>".format(code)
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg["Subject"] = "博客验证码"
msg["From"] = emall_name
msg["To"] = msg_to
# 发送邮件正文，html格式的
msg.attach(MIMEText(content,"html","utf-8"))
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465) # 邮箱服务器及端口号
s.login(emall_name,passwd)
s.sendmail(emall_name,msg_to,msg.as_string())
"""
发送验证码到用户邮箱
"""
@user.route("/emailCode", methods=["post"])
def email_code():
# email = json.loads(request.data).get("email")
email = request.form.get("email")
# 简单的邮箱格式验证
if not re.match(".+@.+\..+", email):
return ResponseStatusCode.Message.other("无效的邮箱")
# 生成邮箱验证码的随机字符串
code = gen_email_code()
# 发送邮件
try:
send_email(email, code)
session['ecode'] = code.lower()
return ResponseStatusCode.Message.success("邮件发送成功")
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return ResponseStatusCode.Message.error("邮件发送失败")